Mixed evidenceother
Apple Cider Vinegar for Weight & Body Composition
Acetic acid may slow gastric emptying and blunt post-meal blood sugar spikes, plausibly reducing appetite and modestly aiding calorie-restricted weight loss.
How strong is the research?
Mixed evidence
Reported implausible 6–8 kg weight loss from 5–15 ml/day ACV over 12 weeks; retracted September 2025 (retraction notice PMID:41789013) for statistical implausibility, irreproducible raw data, and no prospective trial registration. Excluded from our evidence base; flagged because it still inflates at least one published meta-analysis.
How much to take
15–30 ml